This book is aimed at presenting in English the main aspects of the Italian Public Law to domestic and international audience, including students, scholars, practitioners. It departs from the traditional perspective of the Italian legal doctrine, by proposing a journey through the Italian legal system along two main dimensions: comparative dialogue and historical perspective. First of all, using the English language to present Italian institutions and rules implies a continuous comparison. Secondly, it frames existing Italian law within the many events and regimes of Italy's recent history. The book is organised in two parts. The first part deals with the State and its evolutionary patterns, including rights and freedoms. The second part is dedicated to the form of government, including the sources of law. The second edition presents some updates and revisions, and it includes the updated text of the Italian Constitution.