India and Europe, despite having different historical paths, are today facing similar issues regarding the possibility of developing inclusive societies, capable of integrating diversity and difference in a context of democratic participation in common social and political life. The book illustrates how the debate on multicultural society is structured in India and Europe. In particular, it highlights the theoretical nodes around which specific multicultural policies are developed in India and Italy in relation to religious, linguistic, educational, institutional, and constitutional issues. Proposing a multidisciplinary perspective, the book shows how multicultural issues require rich and articulated theoretical tools to manage the richness and complexity of living together in difference.