The study of Latin texts of direct tradition is a privileged field for the analysis of grapho-phonological variation in relation to historical processes and allows to capture insights that reflect both the spoken language and the evolving norms of written Latin. This volume brings together a collection of 'historically- oriented' studies that delve into specific grapho-phonological phenomena, like vowel prosthesis before word-initial /sC/, consonant gemination and the variable spellings of the /kt/ cluster. Each phenomenon is examined through qualitative and quantitative analyses, focusing on language contact, synchronic variation and change, and the reflections of ancient grammarians.